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Evo Morales
Riding on Bolivia's Stability and Growth
La
Paz, Dec 7, (PL).-
Evo Morales, an Aymara Indian who became
Bolivia's first indigenous president, easily won
re-election Sunday for another five years under
the pledge of continueing the change towards a
more stable and robust country.
According to exit polls, the leader of the
Movement towards Socialism (MAS) rolled on a
landslide victory with between 61 and 63 percent
of the vote to easily defeat his conservative
and wealthy rivals.
On Sunday, voters also chose a new Congress, and
exit polls indicate Morales' MAS easily won a
majority in both the 36-seat Senate and 130-member
lower house.
Political analysts have suggested that Morales'
victory will extend the stability he has brought
to a country notorious for coups and that had
five presidents in the five years preceding his
December 2005 election with 54 percent of the
vote.
In his first term in office, Morales used
increased profits from Bolivia's natural gas
industry, which he nationalized in May 2006, to
fund highly popular programs for the poor,
particularly schoolchildren and the elderly.
Nearly six of 10 Bolivians live in poverty.
Higher prices for the natural gas and minerals
that account for the bulk of Bolivia's exports
helped the country's economy grow 6 percent last
year. The government expects 3 percent growth
for 2009.
For his second term, Morales has earmarked
industrialisation as his main priority. It
includes launching state cement, dairy,
fertiliser, and pharmaceutical companies and
natural gas processing plants.
Another of his pledges is investing in
hydroelectric projects and developing the Andean
country's huge lithium reserves.
He will also move to attract investors the
country needs to increase raw materials output.
Despite a campaign mainly orchestrated in the
United States to scare foreign businesspeople
away after Morales moved to put Bolivia's gas
fields under state control, investors kept
coming specially thanks to the stability his
government has brought to the country.
Last month, Bolivia received a pledge of a $1.5
billion US dollar investment from the Spanish-Argentine
company Repsol for natural gas development.
The Sunday vote came under a new constitution
ratified by voters last January that allowed
Morales to run for a second term and that remade
Bolivia as a "plurinational" state, allowing
self-rule for the poor South American country's
36 native peoples.
Twelve of Bolivia's more than 330 municipalities
voted Sunday on indigenous autonomy, which will
allow them to abandon modern political
structures in favor of traditional Indian
governance based on consensus-building.
Still to be defined by the new Congress are
larger territorial autonomies for indigenous
groups that could redraw the political map and
redefine how government funds are disbursed.
In his first term in office, Morales also pushed
for constitutional reform. Amid many protests
and disputes, he won a victory in a referendum
in August 2008 on whether he should stay in
office, and then a few months later a referendum
approved his plans for a new constitution.
It came into force in February 2009 setting out
the rights of the indigenous majority, granting
more regional and local autonomy and enshrining
state control over key resources.
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